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# Hierarchical Clustering in MATLAB

Rashid Bagheri
1#
Rashid Bagheri Published in 2018-01-12 15:16:59Z
 I have clustered my data X with hierarchical clustering in the following way: X = [1 1 1; 2 2 2; 1 1 0; 1 2 2]; Y = pdist(X); T = linkage(Y, 'complete'); c = cluster(T,'maxclust',2);  So, X(1,:) and X(3,:) belongs to cluster #1 and others belongs to cluster #2. How can I determine to which cluster a new data point (not in X) should be assigned to? For Example [1 0 1] belongs to which cluster?
Brendan Frick
2#
Brendan Frick Reply to 2018-01-12 17:39:00Z

Simple solution would be to find the nearest cluster centroid.

### Nearest Centroid

x_new = [1 0 1];

% Find cluster centroid
X_c = zeros(numel(unique(c)), size(X,2));
for cid = unique(c)'
X_c(cid,:) = mean(X(c == cid,:));
end

% Find closest centroid
[~,c_new] = min(pdist2(x_new,X_c));


If you have more samples and want to factor in variance you can calculate z-score of euclidean distances

### Z-score of distances

x_new = [1 0 1];
X_means = zeros(1,numel(unique(c)));
X_stds = zeros(1,numel(unique(c)));
X_c = zeros(numel(unique(c)), size(X,2));
for cid = unique(c)'
distances = pdist2(X(c == cid,:),mean(X(c == cid,:)));
X_means(cid) = mean(distances);
X_stds(cid) = std(distances);

X_c(cid,:) = mean(X(c == cid,:));
end
[~,c_new] = min((pdist2(x_new,X_c) - X_means)./X_stds);


If you want to factor in component variance you can take the Z-score of component distances (I'm not sure that this result is any different than the above...)

### Mean Z-score of component distances

x_new = [1 0 1];
X_means = zeros(numel(unique(c)),size(X,2));
X_stds = zeros(numel(unique(c)),size(X,2));
X_c = zeros(numel(unique(c)), size(X,2));
for cid = unique(c)'
comp_distances = abs(X(c == cid,:) - repmat(mean(X(c == cid,:)),[numel(find(c==cid)),1]));
X_means(cid,:) = mean(comp_distances);
X_stds(cid,:) = std(comp_distances);

X_c(cid,:) = mean(X(c == cid,:));
end
[~,c_new] = min(mean(((repmat(x_new,[size(X_c,1),1])-X_c) - X_means)./X_stds,2));

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